What is the EU? (the Kyorin University)

Question:
What is the EU?

Answer:
In 1989, the Revolution occurred in the Middle and Eastern European countries, which had been enforced communism or socialism regimes by the soviet union since the end of the WW2, was a great shock to the Western European countries. Facing up to this desirable catastrophe, the EC advanced a next project, that was to embrace these anew democratized countries in the framework of the EC and to establish the stable pan-European order.

In order to achieve this project, the member-states of the EC agreed to set up the European Union (the EU), composed of three policy pillars, the EC which had been economic institutions since the birth of the EEC, the common foreign and security policy (CFSP) which newly succeeded the EPC (the European political cooperation) that had been distinct from the EC and the Justice and Home Affairs (JHA) for inter-governmental cooperation for the
immigration and anti-terrorism especially, and signed the Maastricht Treaty in 1992.

Following the Maastricht Treaty, the Amsterdam Treaty and the Nice Treaty were signed for the reform of institutions of the EU and the accession of new member-states respectively. Now, the number of the EU comes to 27 which enjoy common values and principle, not only the principle of the free and open market economy but also democracy, rule of law, respect for individual freedom and rights in the political sphere.

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